Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C). Grease a 9x13 inch baking dish and set aside.
In a large skillet over medium-high heat, brown the ground beef with the diced onion for 8 to 10 minutes, breaking the meat into pieces, until no pink remains and the internal temperature reaches 160°F (71°C). Drain the excess fat.
Return the skillet to medium-low heat. Add the minced garlic, garlic powder, onion powder, Worcestershire sauce, salt, and pepper. Cook for 1 minute, stirring, until the garlic is fragrant.
Add the condensed cream of mushroom soup, sour cream, and beef broth. Stir until fully combined. Fold in the frozen mixed vegetables.
Remove the skillet from heat. Stir in 1 cup of the shredded cheddar until melted into the filling.
Transfer the filling to the prepared baking dish and spread it into an even layer.
Arrange the frozen tater tots in a single tight layer on top of the filling, standing upright with no gaps. Do not press them down.
Bake uncovered for 35 minutes until the tots are golden brown and the filling is bubbling at the sides.
Remove from the oven. Scatter the remaining 1 cup of shredded cheddar evenly over the tots. Return to the oven for 10 more minutes until the cheese is fully melted and bubbling.
Rest for 5 minutes before serving.